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Towa Sanyo
The Towa Sanyo is a Chinese language primer compiled in Japan in 1716.
==Contents of Towa Sanyo==
The Towa Sanyo is distributed in six chapters and each chapter has its individual procedure to represent the Chinese language. First three chapters are introducing the compounds and phrases of characters that sorted by its meaning. The first chapter kan represented about “two-character and three-character expressions in Chinese with the proper Chinese pronunciation. The second and third chapter has three or more characters and includes set of Chinese idiomatic expressions, or Chéngyǔ (成語).〔("An Alien Vernacular: Okajima Kanzan's
Popularization of the Chinese Vernacular Novel in Eighteenth-Century Japan" )〕 The fourth chapter is about a talk of varying length (jotanwa). This chapter is mostly about fragment of conversation in various lengths. The fifth chapter is grouped two character nouns in each individual topic and also included short lyrics and folk songs. The last chapter which is chapter 6 is added in 1718 which has two narratives. The valuable essence of these stories are, the pronunciations of Chinese Character in story indicates that Chinese tone system was already established in Okajima’s time. The name of these two stories are, “’Sun Ba Saves Someone and Comes into Good Fortune’ (Sun Ba jiuren defu) and Derong does a Good Deed and Gets His Rewards’ (Derong xingshan youbao). “ (Pastreich, 45) By including these stories in the Towa Sanyo, Okajima distributed the heavy tension of speaking vernacular Chinese into the Chinese literatures. However, the intention of Towa Sanyo was not only focused in literature, the strongest characteristic was the Mandarin in character.〔("A second look at the 'Towa Sanyo': clues to the nature of the Guanhuah studied by Japanese in the early eighteenth century" )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Towa Sanyo」の詳細全文を読む
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